Moving out: a plain guide to your first place
Moving out is exciting, and it's a lot. Here's what it really costs, what to settle with roommates, what to ask before you sign a lease, and what to do on move-in day. Take it one piece at a time.
No perfect plan required. Rules vary by state, and we'll say when they do.The costs beyond rent
Rent is the big number, but it's not the only one. Before you fall for a place, add these up so nothing catches you off guard.
Security deposit
Often about one month's rent, paid before you move in. You can usually get it back if you leave the place in good shape. Limits and rules vary by state.
First month's rent
Usually due when you sign or move in. Some landlords also ask for the last month's rent up front, so ask early.
Application fees
Many landlords charge a fee to review your application and check your credit and background. Ask what it costs before you apply.
Utilities
Electric, gas, water, trash and internet. Ask what's included in rent and what bills usually run each month. Some companies ask for a deposit to start service.
Renter's insurance
It covers your things if they're stolen or damaged, plus some accidents. Some leases require it, and it often costs less than people expect.
Moving and setting up
A truck or a friend with one, a bed, kitchen basics, cleaning supplies, a shower curtain, toilet paper. Small things add up fast.
A common rule of thumb is to keep rent around 30% of what you earn before taxes. Many landlords also ask that you earn about 2.5 to 3 times the monthly rent.
Roommates: agree before you move in
A roommate can make rent doable. Most roommate trouble starts with things nobody said out loud. Talk these through, and write down what you agree on.
- How rent and bills get split, and who pays whom, by when.
- Whose names go on the lease. If you both sign, you may each be on the hook for the full rent.
- Shared stuff: groceries, cleaning supplies and chores.
- Guests, partners staying over, and quiet hours.
- What happens if someone wants to move out early.
Questions to ask before you sign a lease
A lease is a contract. Read the whole thing, keep a copy, and if something's unclear, ask. Get important answers in writing.
- How long is the lease, and what happens when it ends?
- What's the total monthly cost, and what does rent include?
- How much is the deposit, and what could be taken out of it?
- When is rent due, how do I pay it, and is there a late fee?
- Who handles repairs, and how do I ask for one?
- What if I need to leave before the lease ends?
- Are pets, guests or subletting allowed?
- Is renter's insurance required?
- Can I paint, hang things or make changes?
- Who do I call in an emergency, like a leak or no heat?
Your move-in day checklist
Protect your deposit. Save yourself headaches.
Move-in day is busy. A few minutes on these steps now can save you money and stress when you move out.
Check things off as you go. This list resets when you leave the page.
Where to get help
with tenant questions
Call or visit 211
211 is a free, confidential service that connects you with local help, including housing and rent assistance. Dial 2-1-1 or visit 211.org.
Find free legal aid
Deposit dispute, repairs that never happen, or an eviction notice? A legal aid office can help. LawHelp.org lists free legal aid by state.
Learn tenant rights where you live
Tenant laws vary by state, and sometimes by city. HUD keeps renter resources for each state.
This guide is general information, not legal advice. For your situation, check with a legal aid office or another qualified local source.
You don't have to do all of this today.
Just pick one thing.
Add up the costs, or talk this guide through with someone you trust.
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